KWELI TUTAFIKA????????

Ulemavu ni hali inayowakabili watu wengi duniani na hali inaweza kusababishwa na mambo mengi sana kama vile ajali,matumizi mabaya au kupindukia ya dawa na madawa ya ya kulevya kwa mama mjamzito.ulemavu umegawanyika katika makundi mbalimbali kama vile wasioona,Viziwi,Albino,walemavu wa mtindio wa ubongo,walemavu wa viungo,viziwi wasioona.kila kundi hapo linakabiliwa na changamoto zake katika jamii hususani walemavu wa viungo kama tunavyoona pichani hapo wanakabiliwa na miundombinu isiyo rafiki kwao hakuna majengo yanayowawezesha walemavu wa viungo kuweza kupita bila shida.Ninapooangalia picha hii najiuliza kweli tutafika???licha ya jamii kutunyanyampaa sababu ya utegemezi wetu lakini miundombinu nayo siyo rafiki kwetu.Uongozi wa JPM  unapaswa kuliangalia hili suala kwa jicho la tatu kama kweli wamezamilia kweli watu wenye ulemavu waondokane na utegemezi.

ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR LEARNERS WITH DISABILITIES

ASSISTIVE LISTENING DEVICES TECHNOLOGY FOR LEARNING WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT

Hearing Aids: hearing aids are amplification devices worn on the body, behind the ear, or on the eyeglass that amplify sound. Hearing aids are limited by their need to be used in a quiet and structured environment, as well as their need for the user to be situated close to the sound source.

Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TDD): TDD enables hearing impairments to receive phone calls using technology attached to the phone that has a small keyboard and screen for typing. While this device is not used regularly in the classroom, it is the most widely known device today.

Frequency-Modulated: (FM) Amplification Systems: FM amplification systems create a link between the teacher (with microphone) and the hearing aid for the HI student. This technology works effectively in the classroom by greatly reducing background noise and freeing the teacher to walk around the room. As a result, this is of most commonly used assistive technology devices used in schools because of it’s “versatility and portability for use in or out of the school building.”

Audio Loops: Audio Loops are adaptations of Frequency-Modulated (FM) Amplification Systems where the loops amplify sound directly through wire connection radio waves to the hearing aid. This technology decreases background noise and increases teacher mobility, by allowing the teacher to move about the room freely.

Infrared Systems: this new technology uses a transmitter to send the sound invisibly to hearing impaired listeners. This technology is considered to be better for public places, as well as better for students and teachers alike, due to it having no wires and cords.

Cochlear Implants: implants can provide sound for people with “profound hearing impairments. Implants enable the wearer to hear sounds previously indistinguishable by bypassing the damaged part of the inner ear and stimulating the healthy nerves.

Televisions: Wireless technology in personal listening systems provides direct and amplified sound with adjustable volume and little background noise.

Captioning: Captioning allows spoken word on the television to be translated into typed English for the viewer to read. This type of assistive technology is used most widely in the regular classroom environment. Additionally, amplified telephone ringers allow customized selection of volume and frequency for those who may have difficulty in hearing the phone ring.

ASSISTIVE DEVICES TECHNOLOGY FOR LEARNING WITH PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT

Mobility aids help with walking or moving from place to place. They can help prevent falls and improve independence

·         Gait belts and lift vests:

·         Make lifts and transfers safer

·         Provide secure handhold for caregivers when walking is unstable

·         Help caregiver balance survivor

·         Canes:

·         Decrease stress on the weak or affected leg

·         Simple but effective walking tools

·         Widen the base of support

·         Various types of canes are available

·         Crutches:

·         Provide support under the arm to take stress off the leg

·         More stable than canes

·         Various types of crutches are available

·         Walkers:

·         Offer additional support to make up for lost strength

·         Provide maximum stability

·         Should be sized to fit user

·         Various types of walkers are available

ASSISTIVE DEVICES TECHNOLOGY FOR LEARNING WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Educational Technology

Educational technology is sometimes referred to as “e-learning,” “instructional technology,” or “learning technology,” and usually refers to the use of technology to support the learning process. Although the term can refer to all kinds of related technologies, e.g., photographs, films, videos, audio recordings, etc., it is usually used to talk specifically about computer technology.

Durable Medical Equipment

Durable medical equipment (DME) generally consists of items that can withstand repeated use and that are primarily and customarily used to serve a medical purpose that is usually not useful to a person in the absence of illness or injury. Examples of DME include items such as iron lungs, oxygen tents, hospital beds, wheelchairs, and seat lift mechanisms that are used in the patient’s home and are either purchased or rented.

Cognitive Orthoses/Cognitive Prosthetics The terms “cognitive orthoses” and “cognitive prosthetics” are used interchange-ably and are defined as compensatory strategies that alter the patient’s environment and are directed to an individual’s functional skills. Fallon-As clinicians and researchers seek new ways to serve people with cognitive and neuropsychological disabilities, many have incorporated computers and other advanced technologies into clinical interventions. The following attributes of a cognitive prosthetic:

• Uses computer technology.

• Is designed specifically for rehabilitation purposes.

     • Directly assists the individual in performing some of his/her everyday activities.

     • Is highly customizable to the needs of the individual.

Rehabilitation Technology The term “rehabilitation technology” refers to the systematic application of technologies, engineering methodologies, or scientific principles to meet the needs of and address the barriers confronted by individuals with disabilities in the areas of education, rehabilitation, employment, transportation, independent living, and recreation. The term includes rehabilitation engineering, assistive technology devices, and assistive technology services.

AHome Modification/Environmental Adaptation “Home modification” includes any change to a home that fosters the independence and safety of individuals with disabilities or that allows people to carry out their daily tasks more easily (Pynoos, 1998). Home modifications can range from installation of inexpensive items (e.g., grab bars) to more costly structural changes such as widening of doorways, renovation of bathrooms and kitchens, and installation of ramps. Home modification is often referred to by the more general term “environmental accessibility adaptation.” Examples of home modifications include removing throw rugs to prevent slips and falls, installing grab bars in the bathroom for stability, and building a ramp up to the entrance of a home.

MATUKIO MBALIMBALI YA SHABANI KAHAYA

 Shabani kahaya akiwa amesimama mbele ya jengo la Benjamini William Mkapa liliopo katika chuo kikuu cha kumbukumbu ya sebastian kolowa.Lushoto-Tanga

 Hapa ilikua kichangani student centre.Iringa

 Picha hii ilipigwa wakati nikiwa mwanafunzi wa kidato cha sita mwembetongwa high school

 Shabani kahaya akitekeleza kauli mbiu ya kilimo kwanza

Hapa ilikua katika kazi ya uelimishaji rika wa tohara kwa wanaume mkoani iringa